Congenital fibrosarcoma in the oral cavity. First reported case

Area of Science:

• Pediatric Oncology
• Oral Pathology
• Surgical Pathology

Background:

• Fibrosarcoma is a rare malignancy in the head and neck, accounting for <1% of all cancers.
• Congenital fibrosarcomas exhibit rapid growth and high recurrence rates but rarely metastasize.
• Fewer than 50 cases of congenital solitary fibrosarcoma are documented, with no prior oral cavity occurrences.

Observation:

• This paper reports a unique case of congenital fibrosarcoma in a neonate's oral cavity.
• A 12-month follow-up was conducted, including detailed histopathological analysis and electron microscopy.
• The study reviews fibroproliferative lesions in pediatric patients.

Findings:

• The case represents the first documented instance of congenital fibrosarcoma in the oral cavity of a neonate.
• Histopathology and electron microscopy provided insights into the tumor's nature.
• The neonate showed rapid proliferation and local recurrence post-excision, consistent with congenital fibrosarcoma behavior.

Implications:

• This case expands the known spectrum of congenital fibrosarcoma presentation.
• It underscores the importance of early diagnosis and tailored management strategies for pediatric oral soft tissue tumors.
• The findings contribute to understanding fibroproliferative lesions in infants and inform treatment approaches.