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Thiazides and acute cholecystitis

L Rosenberg, S Shapiro, D Slone

The New England Journal of Medicine

|September 4, 1980

Summary

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Thiazide-containing drugs may increase the risk of acute cholecystitis. This study found a higher risk with longer thiazide use, suggesting a potential link requiring further investigation.

Area of Science:

Pharmacovigilance
Gastroenterology
Epidemiology

Background:

Routine screening identified a potential association between thiazide use and acute cholecystitis.
Acute cholecystitis is a common gastrointestinal condition often requiring surgical intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the association between thiazide-containing drug use and the risk of developing acute cholecystitis.

Main Methods:

A case-control drug-surveillance study was conducted.
Data from 419 patients with acute cholecystitis and 1676 controls were analyzed.
Relative risk was estimated for thiazide users versus non-users.

Main Results:

A relative risk of 2.0 for acute cholecystitis was observed in patients using thiazides in the month prior to admission.

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A significant trend of increasing risk with longer thiazide use duration was found (P < 0.01).

The risk estimate for users of five or more years was 2.9.

Conclusions:

An association between thiazide-containing drugs and acute cholecystitis is suggested.
The observed association was not explained by confounding factors like hypertension or obesity.
Further independent studies are required to confirm this hypothesis.