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Accidental hypothermia treated without mortality

D H Frank, M C Robson

Surgery, Gynecology & Obstetrics

|September 1, 1980

Summary

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Accidental hypothermia treatment can be improved. Rapid external rewarming, combined with aggressive fluid resuscitation and monitoring, achieved zero mortality in severe hypothermia cases.

Area of Science:

Emergency Medicine
Critical Care Medicine
Thermoregulation Research

Background:

Accidental hypothermia (core temperature <34°C) carries a high mortality rate, especially in vulnerable populations.
Traditional rewarming methods have reported mortalities ranging from 45% to 100%.
Concerns exist regarding rapid external rewarming due to potential shock from peripheral vasodilation.

Observation:

Internal core rewarming methods (e.g., hemodialysis) show success but are often impractical.
A novel protocol integrated burn injury resuscitation and frostbite treatment principles.
Ten consecutive severe hypothermia patients were treated using this combined approach.

Findings:

The new protocol involved aggressive fluid resuscitation, rapid immersion rewarming, and systematic monitoring.

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This aggressive approach resulted in zero mortality among the ten treated patients.

The protocol was effective even in patients with comorbidities like alcoholism, stroke, and tuberculosis.

Implications:

Rapid external rewarming by immersion can significantly reduce mortality in severe accidental hypothermia.
This protocol offers a practical and highly effective alternative to traditional methods.
Further research into combined rewarming strategies is warranted for critical care settings.