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Reversible renal failure in malignant hypertension

F T Cordingley, N F Jones, A J Wing

    Clinical Nephrology
    |August 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary

    Malignant hypertension can cause acute renal failure requiring dialysis. Controlling blood pressure during dialysis can lead to healing of renal lesions and recovery of kidney function, as seen in eight patients.

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    Area of Science:

    • Nephrology
    • Hypertension
    • Internal Medicine

    Background:

    • Malignant hypertension is a severe form of hypertension.
    • It can lead to acute renal failure and the need for dialysis.
    • The reversibility of renal damage in such cases is not fully understood.

    Observation:

    • This study investigated eight patients with ARF due to malignant hypertension requiring temporary dialysis.
    • Blood pressure control was achieved in all cases during dialysis treatment.

    Findings:

    • All eight patients demonstrated recovery of renal function, discontinuing dialysis.
    • Histological analysis in five cases revealed only malignant hypertension changes, indicating reversibility.
    • Long-term follow-up showed sustained renal function recovery, with one patient achieving a creatinine clearance of 23 ml/min.

    Implications:

    • The findings suggest that acute oliguric renal failure caused by malignant hypertension may be reversible.
    • Effective blood pressure management during dialysis is crucial for renal recovery in these patients.
    • This highlights the importance of early intervention and aggressive blood pressure control in preserving kidney function.

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