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Visual function in the preterm and fullterm newborn infant

L M Dubowitz, V Dubowitz, A Morante

    Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology
    |August 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Preterm infants show developing visual function by 31 weeks gestation, comparable to full-term infants by 34 weeks. Visual assessment in preterm newborns is crucial for detecting potential neurological or illness-related deficits.

    Area of Science:

    • Neonatal development
    • Developmental neuroscience
    • Pediatric ophthalmology

    Background:

    • Assessing visual function in preterm infants is critical for early detection of developmental abnormalities.
    • Established methods like Brazelton neurobehavioural assessment and Frantz's techniques offer insights into infant visual capabilities.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the developmental trajectory of visual function in preterm newborns.
    • To compare visual development in preterm infants with that of full-term infants.
    • To investigate the correlation between different visual assessment methods in preterm infants.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized visual orientation (tracking) via the Brazelton neurobehavioural assessment.
    • Employed pattern preference and fixation techniques as described by Frantz.

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  • Conducted sequential weekly studies on preterm infants from 28 to 32 weeks gestation.

    • Main Results:

    • Discriminative visual function was evident by 31–32 weeks gestation.
    • Visual maturity comparable to full-term infants was observed by 34 weeks gestation.
    • Sequential studies revealed developmental patterns similar to newborns of equivalent postconceptional age.

    Conclusions:

    • Visual function develops significantly in preterm infants, approaching full-term levels by 34 weeks gestation.
    • While individual methods show developmental progress, visual orientation and pattern preference may not correlate closely.
    • Abnormalities in visual function assessment can indicate broader neurological deficits or systemic illness in preterm infants.