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Related Concept Videos

Management of Insomnia01:19

Management of Insomnia

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The sleep cycle, an integral part of human health, consists of several stages with distinct characteristics and functions. It begins with a transition from wakefulness to sleep, known as the light sleep phase, followed by the restorative deep sleep phase, essential for physical recovery and growth. The cycle concludes with the Rapid Eye Movement (REM) phase, characterized by high brain activity and vivid dreaming. Insomnia, a prevalent sleep disorder, involves difficulty falling asleep, staying...
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Insomnia01:27

Insomnia

360
Insomnia is a prevalent sleep disorder characterized by difficulty falling asleep, frequent awakenings during the night, and waking up too early without being able to return to sleep. People with insomnia often experience these disruptions at least three nights a week for at least one month. Chronic insomnia, which lasts for at least three months, can lead to increased anxiety, which in turn can worsen sleep difficulties, creating a cycle of sleeplessness and stress.
Multiple factors contribute...
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Sedatives and Hypnotics Drugs: Miscellaneous Agents01:17

Sedatives and Hypnotics Drugs: Miscellaneous Agents

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Sedatives and hypnotics encompass a wide range of substances, each with its unique mechanism of action, uses, and potential adverse effects.
Melatonin congeners like ramelteon (Rozerem) and tasimelteon (Hetlioz) selectively bind to melatonin receptors (MT1 and MT2) and thus mimic the actions of melatonin, a hormone that regulates sleep-wake cycles. Tasimelteon is primarily used for non-24-hour sleep-wake disorder, common in blind patients. They are also used to treat conditions like insomnia...
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CNS Depressants: Barbiturates and Benzodiazepines01:14

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CNS depressants include drugs from the category of barbiturates and benzodiazepines. They are valuable medications for managing anxiety disorders and insomnia. Barbiturates, once used to induce and maintain sleep, have been replaced mainly by benzodiazepines due to barbiturate's toxicity, tolerance, and overdose risks. They interact with GABAA receptors, leading to sedation at low doses and potentially coma and death at higher doses. Phenobarbital, a long-acting barbiturate, possesses...
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Substance Use Disorders Affecting Sleep01:24

Substance Use Disorders Affecting Sleep

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Substance use disorders involve a pattern of using drugs more extensively than intended and continuing use despite harmful consequences. This includes legal substances like alcohol and nicotine, as well as illegal drugs. These disorders often involve both physical and psychological dependence, reflecting compulsive use of substances that significantly alter thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, contributing to a major public health issue.
Understanding the concepts of physical dependence,...
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Sedatives and Hypnotics: Overview01:23

Sedatives and Hypnotics: Overview

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Sedatives are drugs that alleviate anxiety, while hypnotics induce sleep. Both classes of medication suppress neuronal activity, leading to a calming effect for sedatives and facilitating sleep for hypnotics.
Sedative-hypnotics are categorized into barbiturates, benzodiazepines (BZDs), and non-benzodiazepines or Z-drugs. These drugs work by suppressing central nervous system activity, and this suppression is dose-dependent. Older sedative medications, like barbiturates, follow a linear curve in...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 30, 2025

Heat-sensitive Moxibustion as a Traditional Chinese Medicine Therapy for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Combined with Insomnia
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Implosive therapy as a treatment for insomnia

R N Carrera, J J Elenewski

    Journal of Clinical Psychology
    |July 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study found that Implosive Therapy targeting death anxiety effectively reduced insomnia in students. While general anxiety decreased across groups, only death-focused therapy significantly improved sleep onset latency beyond placebo effects.

    Area of Science:

    • Psychology
    • Clinical Psychology
    • Sleep Medicine

    Background:

    • Insomnia is often linked to a preoccupation with death.
    • Understanding the efficacy of targeted therapies for insomnia is crucial.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the effectiveness of Implosive Therapy (IT) for death anxiety in treating insomnia.
    • To compare death-focused IT with non-specific IT, relaxation, and a wait-control group.

    Main Methods:

    • 200 undergraduate students with insomnia were randomly assigned to four conditions: death-focused IT, non-specific IT, relaxation, or wait-control.
    • Anxiety was measured using the Fear Survey Schedule II, and fear of death was assessed with the Collett-Lester scale.
    • Sleep onset latency was measured via self-report one month post-treatment.

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    Main Results:

    • All experimental treatments significantly reduced general anxiety.
    • No significant differences in reported fear of death were observed between groups.
    • All groups, including the wait-control, showed reduced sleep onset latency after one month.
    • Death-focused IT was significantly more effective in reducing insomnia than the wait-control group.

    Conclusions:

    • Death-focused Implosive Therapy can reduce insomnia, potentially through mechanisms beyond expectancy effects.
    • The study suggests that individuals may be reluctant to openly report death fears due to anxiety.
    • Further research is needed to explore the complex relationship between death anxiety, insomnia, and therapeutic interventions.