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Breed-specific dog hypersensitivity in humans

B S Moore, J S Hyde

    The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
    |September 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Dog breed dander and serum contain allergens that trigger hypersensitivity. Radioallergosorbent test (RAST) and skin tests reveal breed-specific allergic responses in sensitive individuals.

    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Allergology
    • Veterinary Science

    Background:

    • Human hypersensitivity to dogs is common.
    • Allergenic components in dog dander and serum contribute to allergic reactions.
    • Individual dog breeds may elicit different allergic responses.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To examine the contribution of allergenic components from individual dog breeds' dander and serum to human hypersensitivity.
    • To investigate in vivo and in vitro differences in responses to various dog breeds.
    • To identify breed-specific allergens.

    Main Methods:

    • Radioallergosorbent test (RAST) was used to measure IgE antibodies against 13 dog breed danders and five breed-specific sera.
    • RAST inhibition was employed to examine cross-reactivity between dander extracts and sera.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Intradermal skin tests were performed for comparison with RAST results.

    • Main Results:

    • Dog-sensitive individuals showed significantly higher mean RAST binding to dog danders (15.9%) and sera (14%) compared to non-sensitive individuals (0.6%).
    • Variances in binding were greater for danders than sera in most dog-reactive subjects.
    • RAST binding and skin tests correlated well for most breed-specific extracts.
    • Dog serum proteins showed poor inhibition of dander extracts, and vice versa, suggesting distinct allergens.

    Conclusions:

    • Variability in skin test and RAST responses to different dog breed dander extracts supports the existence of breed-specific allergens.
    • Hypersensitivity reactions are influenced by specific allergens present in different dog breeds.
    • Further research into breed-specific allergens can aid in managing canine-related allergies.