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[Reactivity changes in calves during transportation]

B Planski, S Georgiev, V Konov

    Veterinarno-Meditsinski Nauki
    |January 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Calf transportation causes significant physiological stress, including dehydration, altered body temperature, and changes in blood parameters. Immune responses are temporarily heightened but overall reactivity is reduced post-transport.

    Area of Science:

    • Veterinary Medicine
    • Animal Physiology
    • Animal Husbandry

    Background:

    • Transportation is a common stressor for young animals.
    • Understanding the physiological impact on calves is crucial for welfare and productivity.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To assess the physiological and immunological effects of road transportation on young calves.
    • To quantify changes in body weight, temperature, blood parameters, and immune function.

    Main Methods:

    • Studied 38 calves (15-30 days old) before and after transport (38-100 km).
    • Monitored weight, rectal and skin temperatures, and performed blood analyses (hemoglobin, hematocrit, white blood cell counts, phagocytosis).
    • Assessed immune reactivity using the MacClure-Oldridge and Yoffe skin tests.

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    Main Results:

    • Transportation induced fatigue, thirst, and a 4.3 kg weight loss due to fluid loss.
    • Rectal temperature increased by 1.5°C, skin temperature decreased by 3.0°C.
    • Observed hemoconcentration, eosinopenia, neutrophilia, increased phagocytosis, and altered lymphocyte counts.
    • Immune reactivity, measured by the Yoffe test, was reduced post-transport.

    Conclusions:

    • Transportation significantly impacts calf physiology, leading to dehydration and stress.
    • Calf immune system shows temporary activation followed by reduced overall reactivity.
    • Findings highlight the need for strategies to mitigate transport stress in young cattle.