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Sexing the human sternum

I Jit, V Jhingan, M Kulkarni

    American Journal of Physical Anthropology
    |August 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary

    Forensic anthropologists can determine sternum sex using combined manubrium and mesosternum length. Measurements over 140 mm indicate male, while under 131 mm suggest female, with over 85% accuracy using multivariate analysis.

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    Area of Science:

    • Forensic Anthropology
    • Osteology
    • Human Anatomy

    Background:

    • Accurate sex determination is crucial in forensic anthropology.
    • The sternum, a key skeletal element, offers potential for sex differentiation.
    • Previous studies have explored various sternal metrics for sexing.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To establish reliable metrical criteria for differentiating male and female sterna in North Indian adults.
    • To evaluate the efficacy of different sternal measurements in sex determination.
    • To assess the accuracy of multivariate analysis for sternum-based sex identification.

    Main Methods:

    • A metrical study was conducted on 400 adult North Indian sterna (312 male, 88 female) from medicolegal postmortems.
    • Measurements included combined manubrium and mesosternum length, mesosternum length, and other indices.
    • Multivariate analysis was employed to enhance sex identification accuracy.

    Main Results:

    • A combined length >140 mm indicated a male sternum, and <131 mm indicated a female sternum.
    • This method achieved 72.12% accuracy for male and 62.50% for female sterna.
    • Multivariate analysis increased the probability of correct sex identification to over 85%.

    Conclusions:

    • Combined manubrium and mesosternum length is a useful, albeit not definitive, indicator for sternum sex determination in North Indian populations.
    • Certain sternal measurements like manubrium length or indices were found to be unreliable for sexing.
    • Advanced statistical methods like multivariate analysis significantly improve the accuracy of sex determination from sternal morphology.

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