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Future clinical perspectives. A concluding discussion
Abstract:
Since there are considerable differences between animal models and human malignancies, new test systems are required for selecting effective antitumor drugs, such as T cell-deprived or nude mice, capable of hosting human tumor xenografts. Study of target determinants of drug action in normal and malignant cells is a promising approach for selecting proper drugs. In order to accomplish this task, cell separation techniques have to be further developed. Samples of human malignant cells need to be identified by morphological, biochemical and genetical markers. Clinicians face the problem of treating tumors individually. Malignant cells in leukemias and metastatic fluids can be successfully analyzed in respect of their drug sensitivity. It is expected that in the case of solid tumors similar attempts will result in a more rational therapeutic approach as well.
Insights
New test systems using human tumor xenografts in mice are needed for effective antitumor drug selection. Analyzing drug sensitivity in malignant cells, including solid tumors, promises more rational cancer treatment approaches.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Pharmacology
- Biotechnology
Background:
- Existing animal models for cancer drug testing show significant differences from human malignancies.
- There is a need for improved in vitro and in vivo systems to accurately predict antitumor drug efficacy in humans.
- Individualized tumor treatment requires a deeper understanding of drug action at the cellular level.
Purpose of the Study:
- To highlight the necessity of advanced test systems for selecting effective antitumor drugs.
- To emphasize the potential of studying drug action determinants in normal and malignant cells.
- To advocate for the development of cell separation techniques for analyzing human tumor samples.
Main Methods:
- Utilizing T cell-deprived or nude mice to host human tumor xenografts.
- Developing and refining cell separation techniques for isolating malignant cells.
- Employing morphological, biochemical, and genetical markers for identifying human malignant cells.
Main Results:
- Human malignant cells can be successfully analyzed for drug sensitivity in leukemias and metastatic fluids.
- The use of human tumor xenografts in specialized mice allows for in vivo drug testing.
- Progress in cell separation and characterization is crucial for advancing drug sensitivity studies.
Conclusions:
- Advanced test systems, including human tumor xenografts, are essential for effective antitumor drug development.
- Studying drug sensitivity in malignant cells, particularly with improved cell analysis techniques, can lead to more rational and individualized cancer therapies.
- The approach holds promise for improving treatment strategies for solid tumors, mirroring successes in leukemia and metastatic cancers.