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Summary
Metoclopramide (Maxolon) poisoning in children can cause extrapyramidal side effects, especially when exceeding the recommended dosage. Dystonic reactions are linked to higher doses, individual sensitivity, and cumulative drug effects.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Toxicology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Metoclopramide (Maxolon) is frequently prescribed for pediatric gastrointestinal issues.
- Extrapyramidal side effects (EPS) are known adverse events associated with metoclopramide use.
Purpose of the Study:
- To report cases of metoclopramide poisoning in children.
- To investigate the relationship between metoclopramide dosage and the occurrence of extrapyramidal side effects in pediatric patients.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective case series analysis of 15 children with metoclopramide poisoning.
- Review of medical records to determine dosage, route of administration, and observed adverse events.
Main Results:
- Fifteen children with metoclopramide poisoning were identified.
- Extrapyramidal signs were observed in one child with accidental poisoning.
- All 10 children experiencing EPS had received doses exceeding the manufacturer's recommendation of 0.5 mg/kg/day.
Conclusions:
- Exceeding the recommended metoclopramide dosage significantly increases the risk of dystonic reactions in children.
- Individual susceptibility and cumulative dosing may also contribute to the development of metoclopramide-induced extrapyramidal side effects.