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Cognitive function in patients with multiple sclerosis

J M Peyser, K R Edwards, C M Poser

    Archives of Neurology
    |September 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Cognitive impairment is common in multiple sclerosis (MS) and often missed by routine exams. Psychological testing can reveal these deficits, which may appear early in the disease.

    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Psychology
    • Medical Diagnostics

    Background:

    • Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neurological disease.
    • Cognitive impairment is a recognized symptom of MS, affecting quality of life.
    • Early detection of cognitive deficits is crucial for timely intervention.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the utility of psychological tests in diagnosing cognitive impairment in MS patients.
    • To explore the relationship between cognitive function and disease-related factors.
    • To assess the accuracy of clinical neurological examinations in identifying cognitive deficits.

    Main Methods:

    • Patients with multiple sclerosis underwent selected psychological testing.
    • Cognitive performance was analyzed in relation to neurological involvement, physical impairment, and depression.

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  • Physician's assessment of cerebral involvement was compared with test results.

    • Main Results:

    • Approximately 50% of MS patients exhibited cognitive impairment.
    • Neurologic and physical impairment, and depression levels did not predict cognitive deficits.
    • Half of patients assessed as cognitively intact via neurological examination were found to be impaired through psychological testing.
    • Cognitive impairment can occur early in MS and may be linked to subcortical white matter lesions.

    Conclusions:

    • Psychological testing is valuable for detecting cognitive impairment in MS, often revealing deficits missed by routine examinations.
    • Cognitive impairment in MS may not correlate with disease severity or physical disability.
    • Early cognitive deficits in MS could stem from subcortical white matter changes.