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Counterpressure in torticollis

L Stejskal

    Journal of the Neurological Sciences
    |October 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Counterpressure in torticollis is not a simple touch reflex but an active force aiding head repositioning. This mechanism finely balances involuntary and voluntary movements, potentially forming a conditioned reflex.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neurology
    • Biomechanics
    • Physical Therapy

    Background:

    • Torticollis involves involuntary muscle contractions causing abnormal head posture.
    • The role of counterpressure (geste antagonistique) in torticollis management is not fully understood.
    • Existing theories suggest counterpressure might involve simple reflexes.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To clinically and electrophysiologically investigate the phenomenon of counterpressure in torticollis.
    • To elucidate the underlying mechanisms of counterpressure in patients with torticollis.
    • To determine if counterpressure is a passive reflex or an active corrective force.

    Main Methods:

    • Clinical assessment of 65 subjects with torticollis.
    • Electromyography (EMG) to analyze muscle activity during counterpressure.

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  • Evaluation of the force dynamics involved in head repositioning.

    • Main Results:

    • Counterpressure is not a mere touch response or a hypothetical unconditioned reflex.
    • Counterpressure actively participates in the effort to achieve head midpositioning.
    • It acts as a fine-tuning mechanism balancing involuntary (dyskinetic) and voluntary (corrective) forces.

    Conclusions:

    • Counterpressure in torticollis is an active, force-participating phenomenon.
    • It plays a crucial role in modulating muscle activity for head alignment.
    • A conditioned reflex may develop based on this active counterpressure mechanism.