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[Mediastinal emphysema in measles]
Abstract:
A review of 14 cases of cervico-mediastinal emphysema, recorded during 18 years, demonstrates that 87,5 p. 100 of the cases are caused by measles. This accident is sometimes discovered after exanthema has come out. But, in the most frequent cases, relatively easy diagnosis is made during the desquamative period. Anyway, X Ray is the best way either to confirm or to pose a diagnosis if no sub-cutaneous emphysema is detectable. Death rate is high (28,5 p. 100).
Insights
Measles is the primary cause of cervico-mediastinal emphysema in children, accounting for 87.5% of cases. Diagnosis is often possible during the desquamative period, with X-rays being crucial for confirmation, despite a high mortality rate.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Infectious Diseases
- Thoracic Surgery
Context:
- Cervico-mediastinal emphysema is a rare but serious condition.
- Measles is a common childhood illness with potential complications.
- Understanding the etiology and diagnosis of this emphysema is crucial for patient outcomes.
Purpose:
- To review cases of cervico-mediastinal emphysema.
- To identify the primary cause of this condition.
- To evaluate diagnostic methods and outcomes.
Summary:
- A review of 14 cases over 18 years revealed measles as the cause in 87.5% of instances.
- Diagnosis is often feasible during the desquamative stage of measles.
- Radiography is the preferred method for diagnosis confirmation, especially when subcutaneous emphysema is not apparent.
- The mortality rate associated with cervico-mediastinal emphysema is high, at 28.5%.
Impact:
- Highlights the significant association between measles and cervico-mediastinal emphysema.
- Emphasizes the importance of considering this complication in measles patients.
- Underscores the need for timely diagnosis and management to reduce mortality.