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[Mediastinal emphysema in measles]
Summary
Measles is the primary cause of cervico-mediastinal emphysema in children, accounting for 87.5% of cases. Diagnosis is often possible during the desquamative period, with X-rays being crucial for confirmation, despite a high mortality rate.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Infectious Diseases
- Thoracic Surgery
Context:
- Cervico-mediastinal emphysema is a rare but serious condition.
- Measles is a common childhood illness with potential complications.
- Understanding the etiology and diagnosis of this emphysema is crucial for patient outcomes.
Purpose:
- To review cases of cervico-mediastinal emphysema.
- To identify the primary cause of this condition.
- To evaluate diagnostic methods and outcomes.
Summary:
- A review of 14 cases over 18 years revealed measles as the cause in 87.5% of instances.
- Diagnosis is often feasible during the desquamative stage of measles.
- Radiography is the preferred method for diagnosis confirmation, especially when subcutaneous emphysema is not apparent.
- The mortality rate associated with cervico-mediastinal emphysema is high, at 28.5%.
Impact:
- Highlights the significant association between measles and cervico-mediastinal emphysema.
- Emphasizes the importance of considering this complication in measles patients.
- Underscores the need for timely diagnosis and management to reduce mortality.