[Criminalistic aspects of iatrogenic air embolism (author's transl)]

With reference to 7 cases of iatrogenic air embolism examined by autopsies at the Vienna Institute of Forensic Medicine between 1968 and 1977, the most important causes of such complications are discussed. The wide-spread use of intensive therapeutic methods has led to the tendency that an increasing number of air embolic incidents happens during intravenous infusions. Four cases are reported: two of them occurred by incorrect handling of an automatic infusion pump; two further complications followed insertion or use of central venous catheters. Frequently outward circumstances refer to an air embolism even ante obductionem. In our cases the suspected diagnosis was based on the following signs: air filled venous catheters remaining on the body [3], striking manipulations on infusion apparatus [2], premortal X-ray film [1], typical clinical picture [1]. The analytical-chemical part deals with the infrared and mass spectroscopic investigation of adhesive residues. The traces, which were detected on the housing of an infusion pump, originated from an adhesive tape used to hold down a push button to turn off the warning device. Comparing the spectra of known adhesive tapes it was possible to adjoin the incriminated residues to the adhesive component of 'Normaplast'.