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Presenting features of septic arthritis of the hip in Nigerian children
Insights
This study on pediatric septic arthritis of the hip in Nigerian children found Staphylococcus aureus to be the most common pathogen. Early intervention with aspiration, antibiotics, and limb abduction yielded positive outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Orthopedics
- Infectious Diseases
- Clinical Medicine
Background:
- Septic arthritis of the hip is a serious condition in children.
- Understanding causative organisms and effective management is crucial for pediatric orthopedic care.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the clinical presentation, causative organisms, and treatment outcomes of septic arthritis of the hip in Nigerian children.
- To evaluate the effectiveness of early management strategies.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective study of 57 Nigerian children with septic arthritis of the hip treated between 1970-1975.
- Data collected on patient demographics, symptoms, causative organisms, and treatment protocols.
Main Results:
- The most common presenting symptoms were painful hip swelling (88%) and fever (70%).
- Staphylococcus aureus was the predominant organism; Salmonellae were identified in sickle cell disease patients.
- Twelve patients had hip dislocation, and six had a discharging sinus.
Conclusions:
- Early management involving hip aspiration, systemic antibiotics, and wide abduction of lower limbs leads to favorable outcomes.
- Prompt diagnosis and intervention are vital for minimizing complications in pediatric septic arthritis of the hip.
Abstract:
Fifty-seven Nigerian children with septic arthritis of the hip treated at the University College Hospital, Ibadan during the period of 1970-1975 were studied. Ages ranged between four weeks and thirteen years. The main presenting symptoms were painful swelling of the hip joint in 88% of patients while 70% had fever; and only five patients gave a history of trauma being associated. Twelve patients had dislocation of the affected hip; a discharging sinus was present in six patients. Staphylococcus aureus was the commonest organism associated with septic arthritis of the hip but salmonellae were found in sickle cell disease. Early management with aspiration of the affected hip, systemic antibiotics and wide abduction of both lower limbs gave good results.