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Cigarette smoking in asthma

T W Higenbottam, C Feyeraband, T J Clark

    British Journal of Diseases of the Chest
    |July 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Many asthmatic patients smoke, despite potential risks. While acute reactions to smoking were infrequent in this study, chronic smoking effects were evident, suggesting asthmatics should cease smoking.

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    Area of Science:

    • Pulmonology
    • Respiratory Medicine
    • Clinical Research

    Background:

    • Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition characterized by airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness.
    • Smoking is a known exacerbating factor for many respiratory diseases, yet its specific impact on asthmatic patients remains a subject of investigation.
    • Clinicians often perceive a low co-occurrence of asthma and smoking, potentially underestimating the prevalence of smoking within the asthmatic population.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the smoking habits and respiratory symptoms among asthmatic patients attending a hospital out-patient clinic.
    • To assess the acute bronchial response to cigarette smoking in asthmatic smokers compared to asymptomatic smokers.
    • To evaluate the relationship between smoking and respiratory symptoms and lung function in asthma.

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    Main Methods:

    • A survey was conducted on 106 asthmatic patients regarding their smoking status and respiratory symptoms.
    • A subgroup of ten asthmatic smokers and ten asymptomatic smokers were selected for an acute bronchial challenge study involving cigarette smoking.
    • Venous blood nicotine levels were monitored to confirm smoke inhalation during the acute challenge.

    Main Results:

    • Approximately 25% of asthmatic patients surveyed were current smokers, and another 25% were ex-smokers.
    • Less than one-third of asthmatic smokers reported wheezing or dyspnea after smoking; however, asthmatic smokers showed a higher prevalence of chronic cough.
    • Acute airway narrowing post-smoking was observed in only 40% of asthmatic smokers and 20% of asymptomatic smokers, despite confirmed nicotine absorption.

    Conclusions:

    • A higher proportion of asthmatic patients smoke than might be expected given airway instability.
    • The study did not find frequent or substantial acute airway reactivity to cigarette smoke in asthmatic patients, suggesting potential tolerance or reduced irritant effects.
    • Evidence of chronic cigarette consumption effects was observed, reinforcing the recommendation for asthmatic patients to quit smoking.