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Selenium and vitamin E in horses

G A Maylin, D S Rubin, D H Lein

    The Cornell Veterinarian
    |July 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This study found that horses fed commercial feed had higher blood selenium levels than those fed local feed. Oral selenium supplementation effectively increased blood selenium concentrations in horses and foals.

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    Area of Science:

    • Equine Nutrition
    • Animal Science
    • Veterinary Medicine

    Background:

    • Selenium and vitamin E are crucial nutrients for horses, impacting health and performance.
    • Understanding nutrient concentrations and supplementation effects is vital for equine breeding farms.
    • Seasonal variations in vitamin E levels were observed, highlighting dietary management needs.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To survey selenium and vitamin E concentrations in horses across New York breeding farms.
    • To investigate the correlation between blood selenium and glutathione peroxidase activity.
    • To evaluate the efficacy of oral and parenteral selenium supplementation in horses and foals.

    Main Methods:

    • Blood samples were collected from horses on four breeding farms over three sampling dates.

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  • Selenium and vitamin E concentrations were analyzed, alongside blood glutathione peroxidase activity.
  • Controlled oral and parenteral selenium supplementation trials were conducted in horses and foals.

    • Main Results:

    • Mean blood selenium concentrations differed significantly between horses fed local (7.7 microgram/dl) and commercial feed (15.6 microgram/dl).
    • A strong positive correlation (0.94) was observed between blood selenium and glutathione peroxidase activity.
    • Oral supplementation of 1 mg selenium daily raised blood selenium levels above deficiency thresholds.
    • Parenteral selenium transfer across the placental barrier was limited; supplementation of foals from birth or mares during gestation/lactation is recommended.

    Conclusions:

    • Dietary selenium levels vary based on feed source, impacting horse health.
    • Blood selenium concentration is a reliable indicator of glutathione peroxidase activity.
    • Oral supplementation is effective for increasing selenium levels, while parenteral routes require careful timing for foals.
    • Strategic selenium supplementation is essential to prevent deficiency-related myodegeneration in horses and foals.