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Changes in outflow facility in experimental hyphema

P Sternberg, R C Tripathi, B J Tripathi

    Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science
    |November 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Large anterior chamber hyphemas significantly increase outflow resistance in rabbit eyes, impairing fluid dynamics. The plasma component, not just red blood cells, contributes to this increased resistance.

    Area of Science:

    • Ophthalmology
    • Physiology
    • Biomedical Engineering

    Background:

    • Hyphema, or blood in the anterior chamber, can lead to increased intraocular pressure.
    • Understanding the mechanisms of hyphema clearance is crucial for managing ocular conditions.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the pathophysiology of hyphema clearance.
    • To characterize the impact of hyphema on the facility of outflow in experimental models.

    Main Methods:

    • Experimental hyphema was induced in freshly enucleated rabbit eyes.
    • Hyphemas were created using washed normal or sickled red blood cells (RBCs) and whole blood.
    • The volume of hyphema (25%, 50%, or 50%-100%) and its effect on outflow facility were measured.

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    Main Results:

    • Hyphemas occupying 50%-100% of the anterior chamber volume significantly increased outflow resistance, reducing outflow facility by 60% (p < 0.001).
    • Hyphemas occupying 25% of the anterior chamber volume showed no significant change in outflow facility.
    • Whole blood hyphemas (50% volume) reduced outflow facility by 80% (p < 0.001), with the plasma/fibrin component significantly contributing to increased outflow resistance.

    Conclusions:

    • Significant hyphema volumes markedly increase outflow resistance due to red blood cell crowding in the chamber angle.
    • The plasma and fibrin components of whole blood contribute significantly to the increased outflow resistance observed in hyphema.