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Membrane filter-deoxyribonucleic acid method of somatic cell counting: collaborative study

R D Bremel

    Journal - Association of Official Analytical Chemists
    |March 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary

    The membrane filter-deoxyribonucleic acid (MF-DNA) test offers a reliable method for estimating somatic cell counts in milk. This chemical DNA determination method proved comparable to direct microscopic somatic cell counts (DMSCCs) with consistent accuracy.

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    Area of Science:

    • Dairy Science
    • Analytical Chemistry
    • Food Safety

    Background:

    • Somatic cell counts (SCCs) are critical indicators of milk quality and udder health.
    • Traditional methods like direct microscopic somatic cell counts (DMSCCs) have limitations in accuracy and reproducibility.
    • Development of alternative, reliable methods for SCC determination is essential for the dairy industry.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the membrane filter-deoxyribonucleic acid (MF-DNA) test for estimating somatic cells in milk.
    • To compare the MF-DNA test's performance against the direct microscopic somatic cell count (DMSCC) method.
    • To assess the accuracy, repeatability, and reproducibility of the MF-DNA test across multiple laboratories.

    Main Methods:

    • Somatic cells from bulk milk samples were captured using a membrane filter.

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  • Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) content of trapped cells was chemically determined to estimate cell numbers.
  • The MF-DNA test was conducted in 10 laboratories and results compared with DMSCCs.

    • Main Results:

    • A regression analysis established a relationship between MF-DNA absorbance and cell count (0.181 absorbance at 490 nm for 2.5 mL milk).
    • Both MF-DNA and DMSCC methods exhibited significant systematic errors, but MF-DNA showed no significant laboratory-sample interaction.
    • MF-DNA demonstrated superior reproducibility (198,000 cells/mL, 23%) compared to DMSCC (187,000 cells/mL, 34%) and constant error across cell counts, unlike DMSCC.

    Conclusions:

    • The MF-DNA test is a valid and reliable method for estimating milk somatic cell counts.
    • MF-DNA offers improved reproducibility and consistent error profile compared to DMSCC.
    • The MF-DNA method has been officially adopted as a first-action method for somatic cell determination.