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Related Experiment Videos

Cell movements in Xenopus eye development

C Holt

    Nature
    |October 30, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Eye polarity in Xenopus laevis is determined early. Ventral retina cells migrate from the optic stalk during eye development, explaining previously observed polarity shifts after surgical manipulation.

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    Area of Science:

    • Developmental biology
    • Neuroscience
    • Ophthalmology

    Background:

    • Vertebrate eye development establishes anatomical polarity via markers like the ventral choroid fissure.
    • Retinal nerve fibers form topographical maps in the brain, suggesting regional differentiation.
    • Previous understanding suggested eye polarity determination is a late event, occurring after initial eye vesicle formation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the timing of eye polarity determination in Xenopus laevis.
    • To clarify the origin of ventral retina cells and their contribution to eye structure and connectivity.
    • To re-evaluate previous findings on eye rotation experiments and their implications for polarity determination.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized surgical construction of eye pigmentation chimeras.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Employed radioactive tagging to trace neural retina and pigment epithelium cells.
  • Observed cell movements during eye-cup formation in Xenopus laevis.

    • Main Results:

    • Contrary to prior beliefs, eye structure and connectivity are determined early, at the eye vesicle stage.
    • Ventral retina cells, including those forming the choroid fissure, originate from the optic stalk region.
    • Cellular migration from the optic stalk during eye-cup formation was confirmed using radioactive tracers.
    • Surgical eye rotations can disrupt this cell migration, explaining prior observations of polarity shifts.

    Conclusions:

    • Eye polarity in Xenopus laevis is established early in development.
    • The migration of ventral retina cells from the optic stalk is a key mechanism in establishing eye polarity.
    • Reinterpreting previous experimental results through the lens of cell migration resolves discrepancies regarding the labile versus determined state of eye polarity.