Rhythmical activity of the rat's tongue in sleep and wakefulness

Nine chronically implanted rats were used to study rhythmical activity of suprahyoidal muscles controlling tongue motility. This muscle group exhibited a fixed, regular rhythm of 5--8 c/sec during PS, not during SWS, resembling that observed when the awake rat drank, ate or groomed. In PS the tongue rhythm occurred less frequently than did eye movements and phasic nasolabial muscle activity; when it did, it was associated with such eye movements 80% of the time and 20% of the time before or after an episode of eye movements. A respiratory-related suprahyoidal EMG was observed in one rat to precede the onset of the diaphragm's EMG. Mechanisms for entraining phasic activity of extraocular, nasolabial and suprahyoidal muscles in PS are discussed.