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Rhinosporidiosis in a south Indian village
Abstract:
A brief survey for rhinosporidiosis in a South Indian village is presented. A total of 34 cases have been detected with a prevalence rate of 4.7%. This is found to be higher than all those reported already from India. A sex variation was noted in the incidence of this disease, which was quite differenat from all the earlier reports; the infection rate was higher in females than in males. More than one case has been detected in three families. Attempts to find any natural infection in the aquatic inhabitants such as snails, frogs, fishes and crabs found in the village pond have not been successful so far. One case of rhinosporidiosis in a cow in this endemic village was also recorded.
Insights
A survey in South India found a high prevalence of rhinosporidiosis (4.7%), with more cases in females. This study also noted familial clusters and a rare cow infection, differing from previous Indian reports.
Area of Science:
- Medical Mycology
- Epidemiology
- Veterinary Mycology
Background:
- Rhinosporidiosis is a chronic granulomatous disease caused by *Rhinosporidium seeberi*.
- Previous studies in India have reported varying prevalence rates and epidemiological patterns.
- The exact mode of transmission and environmental reservoirs remain largely unknown.
Purpose of the Study:
- To conduct a prevalence survey of rhinosporidiosis in a South Indian village.
- To investigate epidemiological characteristics, including sex variation and familial aggregation.
- To explore potential environmental sources of infection in the local aquatic ecosystem.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional survey was conducted in a selected South Indian village.
- Data on rhinosporidiosis cases were collected through clinical examination and patient interviews.
- Environmental samples from the village pond were analyzed for *Rhinosporidium seeberi*.
Main Results:
- A total of 34 cases were detected, yielding a prevalence rate of 4.7%.
- The infection rate was significantly higher in females than in males, a deviation from prior reports.
- Familial clustering was observed in three households, and one bovine case was recorded.
Conclusions:
- The study highlights a higher-than-expected prevalence of rhinosporidiosis in this South Indian village.
- The observed sex-based incidence and familial clustering warrant further investigation into transmission dynamics.
- The absence of detected infection in local aquatic fauna suggests alternative or un identified transmission routes.