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Related Experiment Videos

Histamine weal formation and absorption in man

J Cook, S Shuster

    British Journal of Pharmacology
    |August 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary

    Histamine injections cause skin reactions called weals and flares. Researchers found that measuring weal thickness is useful, and histamine weals disappear quickly, suggesting other agents may cause persistent reactions.

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    Corrigenda.

    The bone & joint journal·2021

    Area of Science:

    • Dermatology
    • Pharmacology
    • Human Physiology

    Background:

    • The weal and flare response is a common indicator of skin reactivity.
    • Understanding the kinetics of histamine-induced reactions is crucial for interpreting skin tests.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To quantify the dose-response relationship of intradermal histamine on human forearm skin.
    • To compare the sensitivity and time course of weal and flare responses.
    • To investigate the disappearance rates of histamine weals versus saline and serum weals.

    Main Methods:

    • Intradermal histamine injections at various doses in human subjects.
    • Measurement of weal thickness and flare area using calipers.
    • Validation of measurement techniques for observer and method error.
    • Kinetic analysis of weal formation and disappearance (T1/2).

    Main Results:

    • Flare response peaked earlier (5 min) than weal thickness (20 min).
    • Flare response was more sensitive to lower histamine doses than weal response.
    • Histamine weal formation and disappearance had half-lives (T1/2) of 5.4 min and 87 min, respectively.
    • NaCl and serum weals had shorter disappearance half-lives (18 and 28 min).

    Conclusions:

    • Weal thickness measurement is advantageous for assessing histamine weal formation and resorption.
    • The rapid disappearance of histamine weals suggests other vasoactive substances contribute to persistent skin reactions.
    • The sensitivity of flare response is higher than weal response at lower histamine concentrations.

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