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Glucocorticoid binding by isolated lung cells

P L Ballard, R J Mason, W H Douglas

    Endocrinology
    |May 1, 1978
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Glucocorticoid receptors are present in lung alveolar type II cells, crucial for surfactant production. This finding supports the direct action of glucocorticoids on these cells in both fetal and adult lungs.

    Area of Science:

    • Pulmonary Medicine
    • Endocrinology
    • Cell Biology

    Background:

    • Lung surfactant synthesis, vital for respiratory function, is known to be influenced by glucocorticoids.
    • Glucocorticoid receptor activity has been previously detected in lung tissue across various species.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the presence and characteristics of glucocorticoid receptors specifically within alveolar type II cells, the primary site of surfactant production.
    • To determine if glucocorticoid receptors are present in both fetal and adult pulmonary type II cells and related cell lines.

    Main Methods:

    • Studied glucocorticoid binding in freshly isolated rat lung cells enriched in alveolar type II cells.
    • Utilized organotypic cultures of fetal rat lung and established cell lines (A549, L-2, F-42) derived from type II cells.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Analyzed nuclear and cytosol binding of dexamethasone and other corticosteroids in intact cells and cell preparations.

    • Main Results:

    • Specific glucocorticoid binding was demonstrated in alveolar type II cells, fetal lung cultures, and type II-derived cell lines.
    • Equilibrium dissociation constants (Kd) for dexamethasone binding ranged from 5.0–10.8 nM, with 5,700–57,000 binding sites per cell.
    • Binding activity exhibited expected specificity for corticosteroids with glucocorticoid activity.

    Conclusions:

    • Glucocorticoid receptors are confirmed to be present in both fetal and adult pulmonary type II cells.
    • The presence of these receptors in type II cells supports a direct mechanism of glucocorticoid action on surfactant production in vivo.