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The precise geometry of large internodes

R L Friede, R Bischhausen

    Journal of the Neurological Sciences
    |December 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Myelin sheath thickness and internodal length in dog sciatic nerves show complex, nonlinear relationships with axon caliber. These findings suggest metabolic limits on Schwann cell growth for large internodes.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Cell Biology
    • Histology

    Background:

    • The relationship between axon size and myelin sheath thickness is crucial for nerve signal conduction.
    • Understanding these relationships in large myelinated fibers provides insights into cellular metabolic constraints.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the interrelations between internodal length, axon caliber, axoplasmic volume, and myelin sheath thickness in large canine sciatic nerve fibers.
    • To identify potential limitations on internodal growth based on Schwann cell metabolic capacity.

    Main Methods:

    • Electron microscopy was used to measure parameters of 37 isolated large internodes from German Shepherd dog sciatic nerves.
    • Quantitative analysis of internodal length, axon caliber, axoplasmic volume, and myelin sheath parameters was performed.

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    Main Results:

    • Internodal length and myelin lamellae number exhibited nonlinear relationships with axon caliber and internodal length.
    • Myelin volume showed a near-linear relationship with the axon's ensheathed surface area (length x circumference).
    • Deviations in large internodes suggest upper limits related to Schwann cell metabolic demands (e.g., >1.5-2 mm length or >100,000 µm³ myelin).

    Conclusions:

    • Schwann cell metabolism likely imposes constraints on the maximum size of myelinated nerve internodes.
    • The study highlights the complex interplay between axonal dimensions and myelin formation, with implications for nerve physiology and pathology.