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Interstitial pneumonitis induced by ingestion of palmitoyl glycerol

R Schnitzer-Polokoff, R E Kanich, S B Tove

    The Journal of Nutrition
    |December 1, 1980
    PubMed

    Insights

    High dietary levels of rac-1(3)-palmitoyl glycerol cause severe lung inflammation and death in young mice. Supplementation with linoleate or oleate prevents this toxicity.

    Area of Science:

    • Toxicology
    • Nutritional Science
    • Pulmonary Medicine

    Background:

    • Rac-1(3)-palmitoyl glycerol is a dietary component.
    • Pulmonary inflammation can be triggered by specific dietary factors.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the toxic effects of rac-1(3)-palmitoyl glycerol on pulmonary health.
    • To identify factors influencing or preventing this toxicity.

    Main Methods:

    • Feeding weanling male mice diets supplemented with varying levels of rac-1(3)-palmitoyl glycerol.
    • Observing physiological responses, including pulmonary inflammation and survival rates.
    • Testing the effects of dietary linoleate and oleate supplementation.

    Main Results:

    • High doses (≥30 mmoles/100 g) of rac-1(3)-palmitoyl glycerol induced severe pulmonary inflammation, vascular stasis, alveolar collapse, and mortality in weanling mice.
    • Adult mice and rats showed similar effects but required higher doses.
    • Dietary linoleate and oleate supplementation prevented the toxic effects, with linoleate being more effective.
    • The position of palmitate on glycerol and myo-inositol levels did not affect toxicity.

    Conclusions:

    • Rac-1(3)-palmitoyl glycerol is a potent pulmonary toxicant in rodents.
    • Essential fatty acids, particularly linoleate, can mitigate the toxicity of rac-1(3)-palmitoyl glycerol.
    • Further research into the mechanisms of this pulmonary inflammation is warranted.

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