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Nitrate and nitrite in saliva

G Eisenbrand, B Spiegelhalder, R Preussmann

    Oncology
    |January 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Dietary nitrate intake directly influences human saliva nitrate and nitrite levels, with oral bacteria playing a key role in this conversion. Salivary nitrite concentrations increase significantly with age, but regional variations exist, particularly in high-cancer-incidence areas.

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    Area of Science:

    • Human Physiology
    • Microbiology
    • Nutritional Science

    Background:

    • Nitrate and nitrite are present in human saliva, influenced by dietary intake.
    • Nitrate is absorbed and transported to salivary glands, then secreted into the oral cavity.
    • Oral microflora partially reduces salivary nitrate to nitrite.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To survey nitrate and nitrite occurrence in human saliva.
    • To investigate the influence of dietary nitrate intake on salivary levels.
    • To explore age-dependent and regional variations in salivary nitrite.

    Main Methods:

    • Survey of salivary nitrate and nitrite levels.
    • Analysis of dietary nitrate intake.
    • Correlation analysis between intake, salivary levels, age, and region.

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    Main Results:

    • A linear relationship exists between ingested nitrate and salivary nitrate/nitrite levels.
    • Salivary nitrite increases with age, from below 1 ppm in infants to approximately 7 ppm in adults.
    • In high esophageal cancer incidence areas in Iran, salivary nitrite is elevated, especially in children, despite low dietary nitrate/nitrite intake.

    Conclusions:

    • Dietary nitrate is a primary determinant of salivary nitrate and nitrite levels.
    • Age significantly impacts the oral microflora's capacity to convert nitrate to nitrite.
    • Elevated salivary nitrite in specific Iranian populations warrants further investigation regarding health implications.