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Inactive renin in human plasma

F H Derkx, J M von Gool, G J Wenting

    Lancet (London, England)
    |September 4, 1976
    PubMed
    Summary

    Inactive renin, a precursor to active renin, is physiologically linked to active renin and can be activated in vivo. Different assay methods may yield varying results due to differing measurements of these two renin forms.

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    Area of Science:

    • Biochemistry
    • Physiology
    • Endocrinology

    Background:

    • Human plasma contains both active renin and a precursor form, inactive renin.
    • Inactive renin exhibits renin-like activity only after low pH treatment.
    • Understanding the relationship between active and inactive renin is crucial for interpreting renin assays.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the physiological relationship between active and inactive renin.
    • To determine if inactive renin can be activated in vivo.
    • To assess the implications of varying active and inactive renin levels on diagnostic assays.

    Main Methods:

    • Enzyme-kinetic analysis of plasma-renin and purified renal renin.
    • Quantitative estimation of inactive renin in renal venous plasma.
    • Monitoring changes in active and inactive renin levels under various physiological and pharmacological conditions (isoprenaline, tilting, diazoxide, propranolol).

    Main Results:

    • Inactive renin is released by the kidney in patients with renal-artery stenosis.
    • Acute stimulation of renin release decreased inactive renin and increased active renin.
    • Suppression of renin release increased inactive renin and decreased active renin.
    • A direct correlation was observed between inactive and active plasma renin concentrations across various patient groups, though with significant inter-individual variability.

    Conclusions:

    • Inactive renin is physiologically related to active renin.
    • Inactive renin can be activated both in vitro and in vivo.
    • Discrepancies in renin assay results may arise from differential measurement of active and inactive renin, necessitating reinterpretation, especially when their concentrations change inversely.

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