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Interpretation of research data: selected statistical procedures

R A Jackson

    American Journal of Hospital Pharmacy
    |December 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary
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    This guide explains essential statistical procedures for research, including significance testing, parametric and nonparametric statistics, and correlation coefficients. Understanding these methods is crucial for pharmacists to interpret research and analyze data effectively.

    Area of Science:

    • Biostatistics
    • Pharmaceutical Research Methodology

    Background:

    • Effective interpretation of scientific literature and research data is critical in pharmacy.
    • A foundational understanding of statistical principles is necessary for evidence-based practice.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To present selected statistical procedures relevant to research data analysis.
    • To explain the relationship between significance testing and research hypotheses.
    • To discuss parametric and nonparametric statistics, including their assumptions and applications.

    Main Methods:

    • Explanation of significance testing in the context of hypothesis testing (tests of differences and correlation).
    • Discussion of parametric and nonparametric statistical methods, detailing their differences, assumptions, advantages, and disadvantages.

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  • Detailed presentation of specific statistical tests, including Student's t-test and chi-square.
  • Exploration of correlation concepts and various correlation coefficients (e.g., Pearson r, Spearman rho).

    • Main Results:

    • The study outlines key statistical tests and their applications in research.
    • It clarifies how to test for statistical significance for various procedures.
    • A comprehensive overview of correlation coefficients is provided, aiding in understanding relationships within data.

    Conclusions:

    • Pharmacists require knowledge of basic statistical procedures for critical appraisal of published research.
    • Proficiency in statistical analysis enables pharmacists to conduct their own research and interpret findings accurately.
    • Understanding statistical methods enhances the ability to make informed decisions in pharmaceutical practice.