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The adaptive behavior scale: a study of criterion validity

S Spreat

    American Journal of Mental Deficiency
    |July 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary
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    The Adaptive Behavior Scale (ABS) shows potential for estimating group membership in individuals with intellectual disabilities. Factor scores derived from the ABS demonstrated better predictive validity than domain scores in this study.

    Area of Science:

    • Psychometrics
    • Developmental Psychology
    • Disability Studies

    Background:

    • The Adaptive Behavior Scale (ABS) is used to assess individuals with intellectual disabilities.
    • Estimating the validity of the ABS for placement decisions is crucial for appropriate support and services.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the validity of the Adaptive Behavior Scale (ABS) for placement purposes.
    • To determine if ABS domain scores or factor scores offer better predictive validity for group membership.

    Main Methods:

    • The study involved three groups: formerly institutionalized, institutional residents referred for discharge, and current institutional residents.
    • Stratified random sampling created two equal-size samples for derivation and cross-validation.
    • Stepwise multiple discriminant function analysis was used on ABS domain and factor scores.

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    Main Results:

    • A combination of seven ABS domains explained 34% of group membership variance, classifying 60% of the derivation sample and 49% of the cross-validation sample.
    • A combination of three ABS factors achieved 54% correct classification in the derivation sample with no shrinkage upon cross-validation.
    • Factor scores demonstrated increased reliability and greater predictive validity compared to domain scores.

    Conclusions:

    • ABS scores can aid in estimating an individual's group membership.
    • ABS factor scores appear to be a more appropriate unit of analysis than domain scores due to enhanced reliability and predictive validity.