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Related Experiment Videos

Changes in patients with gender-identity problems after parental death

S M Bernstein, B W Steiner, J T Glaister

    The American Journal of Psychiatry
    |January 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study found a high incidence of father loss in gender-disordered patients, particularly during adolescence. Such loss was often followed by shifts in gender identity and initial requests for sex reassignment surgery.

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    Area of Science:

    • Psychiatry
    • Psychology
    • Gender Studies

    Background:

    • Parental loss is a significant life event with potential psychological impacts.
    • Understanding the specific effects of parental loss on gender identity development is crucial.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the incidence of parental loss in gender-disordered patients.
    • To explore the relationship between father loss and gender identity shifts or requests for sex reassignment.

    Main Methods:

    • Comparative study design.
    • Inclusion of 163 gender-disordered patients and 163 psychiatric control patients.
    • Retrospective analysis of patient histories focusing on parental loss events.

    Main Results:

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    • A significantly higher incidence of father loss was observed in the gender-disordered group compared to controls.
    • Father loss, especially during adolescence and early adulthood, was notable.
    • Many gender-disordered patients experienced gender identity shifts and first-time requests for surgical sex reassignment in the year following father loss.

    Conclusions:

    • Father loss may be a significant factor influencing gender identity development and transition-related decisions in some individuals.
    • The timing of father loss, particularly during critical developmental periods, appears relevant.
    • Further research is warranted to understand the complex interplay between parental loss and gender dysphoria.