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Acquired granular pool defect in stored platelets

A K Rao, S Niewiarowski, S Murphy

    Blood
    |February 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Platelet concentrates (PC) stored for 72 hours show decreased adenine nucleotides (ATP and ADP) and impaired function. Storage affects both dense and alpha granules, impacting platelet homeostasis.

    Area of Science:

    • Hematology
    • Transfusion Medicine
    • Biochemistry

    Background:

    • Platelets are crucial for hemostasis.
    • Platelet concentrates (PC) stored at 22°C for 72 hours develop functional defects.
    • Adenine nucleotide alterations impact platelet function.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the changes in adenine nucleotides and granular content of stored platelets.
    • To understand the biochemical basis of functional defects in stored platelets.

    Main Methods:

    • Measurement of ATP and ADP levels in platelets before and after storage.
    • Quantification of platelet factor 4 (PF4) using radioimmunoassay.
    • Metabolic pool labeling with 14C-adenine to assess adenylate energy charge.

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    Main Results:

    • Significant decreases in ATP (27.1-39.4%) and ADP (39.1-49.4%) were observed in stored PC.
    • Elevated levels of platelet factor 4 in stored PC indicate alpha-granule release.
    • Stored platelets showed reduced adenylate energy charge and altered nucleotide labeling patterns.

    Conclusions:

    • Platelet storage leads to acquired defects in dense and alpha granules.
    • Stored platelets exhibit impaired ATP homeostasis.
    • These biochemical alterations contribute to the functional defect of stored platelet concentrates.