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Changes in renal hemodynamics in experimental hydronephrosis

H Huland, H P Leichtweiss, H J Augustin

    Investigative Urology
    |January 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Unilateral ureter ligation in dogs caused rapid decreases in renal blood flow and early changes in intrarenal blood flow distribution, suggesting potential ischemic atrophy, particularly in the renal cortex.

    Area of Science:

    • Nephrology
    • Urology
    • Renal Physiology

    Background:

    • Unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) is a common condition that can lead to significant renal damage.
    • Understanding the early hemodynamic changes following UUO is crucial for predicting and potentially mitigating renal atrophy.
    • Previous studies have not fully elucidated the temporal dynamics of renal blood flow and its intrarenal distribution after ureteral ligation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the changes in mean renal blood flow (RBF) and intrarenal blood flow distribution after unilateral complete ureteral ligation in a canine model.
    • To determine the timing of these hemodynamic alterations in relation to the onset of renal atrophy.

    Main Methods:

    • Mean RBF and intrarenal blood flow distribution were measured in 40 dogs using the xenon-133 washout technique.

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  • Measurements were taken at multiple time points: 3 and 7 hours, 1, 2, and 3 weeks, and 4 and 6 months post-ligation.
  • Unilateral complete ligation of the ureter was performed to induce obstruction.

    • Main Results:

    • Mean renal blood flow demonstrated a rapid decline preceding the development of renal atrophy.
    • An early redistribution of intrarenal hemodynamics was observed.
    • Compartment I flow, representing cortical blood flow, showed a predominant decrease.

    Conclusions:

    • The study demonstrates significant early hemodynamic alterations following unilateral ureteral ligation in dogs.
    • The observed decrease in cortical blood flow (compartment I) suggests a potential mechanism for ischemic atrophy in the renal cortex.
    • These findings highlight the importance of early hemodynamic assessment in managing ureteral obstruction to prevent irreversible renal damage.