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Murine Model of Allergen Induced Asthma
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Skin testing in farmers' lung disease

P M Freedman, B Ault, C R Zeiss

    The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
    |January 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary

    Farmers' lung disease (FLD) patients and exposed farmers show skin test reactions to Micropolyspora faeni. A skin-sensitizing factor in IgG may be involved in FLD pathogenesis, but its role remains unclear.

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    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Pulmonary Medicine
    • Occupational Health

    Background:

    • Farmers' lung disease (FLD) is a hypersensitivity pneumonitis.
    • Micropolyspora faeni is a known causative agent.
    • The immunological mechanisms underlying FLD are not fully understood.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the role of immediate and late-onset skin test reactions to Micropolyspora faeni in FLD.
    • To identify the immunological factors responsible for skin sensitization in FLD patients and exposed farmers.

    Main Methods:

    • Intradermal skin testing with M. faeni antigen in FLD patients and control farmers.
    • Prausnitz-Küstner (P-K) reactions and radioimmunoassay to detect specific IgE.
    • Fractionation of patient serum using staphylococcal protein A-Sepharose.
    • Biopsy of late-onset skin reactions for histological examination.

    Main Results:

    • 75% of FLD patients and 79% of antibody-positive farmers showed immediate skin test reactions.
    • A skin-sensitizing factor was found in the IgG-rich fraction of serum from positive reactors.
    • M. faeni-specific IgE was not detected.
    • Late-onset skin reactions occurred only in FLD patients and farmers with precipitating antibodies, showing inflammatory infiltrates and immune complex deposition.

    Conclusions:

    • Immediate skin test reactivity to M. faeni is common in FLD patients and seropositive farmers.
    • A non-disease-specific, IgG-associated skin-sensitizing factor is present in affected individuals.
    • The precise role of this IgG factor in FLD pathogenesis requires further investigation.