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Pulmonary function tests before and after open heart surgery

P Ferdinande, P Lauwers, L Van Buyten

    Acta Anaesthesiologica Belgica
    |January 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Pulmonary function tests, including Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) and Forced Expiratory Volume (FEV1), were assessed in open heart surgery patients. Postoperative lung function was significantly reduced, highlighting the need for objective assessment methods.

    Area of Science:

    • Cardiology
    • Pulmonary Medicine
    • Surgical Science

    Background:

    • Open heart surgery can significantly impact pulmonary function.
    • Preoperative lung function in patients undergoing cardiac surgery is crucial for risk stratification.
    • Objective assessment of lung function is vital for managing patients post-cardiac surgery.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the changes in pulmonary function parameters in patients undergoing open heart surgery.
    • To assess the utility of spirometry in objectively measuring postoperative pulmonary impairment.
    • To identify high-risk patient groups based on preoperative and postoperative lung function.

    Main Methods:

    • Eighty-seven patients undergoing open heart surgery were enrolled.
    • Pulmonary function was measured using a Vitalograph spirometer, assessing Forced Vital Capacity (FVC), Forced Expiratory Volume at 1 second (FEV1), Forced Expiratory Flow (FEF), and Forced Midexpiratory Flow (FMF).

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  • Measurements were taken preoperatively and on postoperative days 1, 2, 6, and 8.

    • Main Results:

    • Preoperative spirometry values were generally good compared to established nomograms.
    • Significant reductions in all measured pulmonary parameters were observed postoperatively, particularly on days 1 and 2.
    • Three distinct high-risk patient groups were identified based on pulmonary function metrics.

    Conclusions:

    • Spirometry provides an objective and practical method for assessing pulmonary function in open heart surgery patients.
    • Postoperative pulmonary function is markedly compromised, necessitating close monitoring and management.
    • Early postoperative spirometry is valuable for identifying patients at risk of pulmonary complications.