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Ankylosing spondylitis in African Blacks

I M Chalmers

    Arthritis and Rheumatism
    |December 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary

    Ankylosing spondylitis appears rare in African blacks, with patients presenting older and with severe disease. Few showed typical symptoms like iritis or a positive family history, and the HLA-B27 antigen was uncommon.

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    Area of Science:

    • Rheumatology
    • Epidemiology
    • Genetics

    Background:

    • Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease primarily affecting the axial skeleton.
    • Its prevalence varies significantly across different ethnic groups and geographic regions.
    • Understanding the epidemiology of AS in diverse populations is crucial for accurate diagnosis and management.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the prevalence and clinical characteristics of ankylosing spondylitis in African blacks.
    • To assess the association of HLA-B27 antigen with AS in this population.
    • To compare findings with those reported in other ethnic groups.

    Main Methods:

    • A retrospective review of patients diagnosed with ankylosing spondylitis over a 4-year period at a large African teaching hospital.
    • Clinical data, including age of onset, disease severity, presence of iritis, family history, and HLA-B27 status, were analyzed.

    Main Results:

    • Only 8 cases of ankylosing spondylitis were identified over 4 years, suggesting rarity in this population.
    • Patients were relatively old at presentation and exhibited severe disease.
    • None of the patients had iritis or a positive family history of the condition.
    • The HLA-B27 antigen was detected in only one patient.

    Conclusions:

    • Ankylosing spondylitis may be uncommon in African blacks, contrary to some previous impressions.
    • Clinical presentation in this group may differ, with older age at onset, severe disease, and a lack of typical features like iritis.
    • The low prevalence of HLA-B27 antigen suggests a different pathogenetic mechanism or genetic predisposition in African blacks compared to other populations.

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