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Bioassaying for ozone with pollen systems

W A Feder

    Environmental Health Perspectives
    |January 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Ozone sensitivity in pollen correlates with the parent plant, enabling pollen bioassays for air quality monitoring. Specific tobacco and petunia cultivars offer reliable and cost-effective ozone detection.

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    Area of Science:

    • Environmental Science
    • Plant Biology
    • Biotechnology

    Background:

    • Ozone is a significant air pollutant impacting plant health.
    • Assessing ozone levels in ambient air is crucial for environmental monitoring.
    • Pollen germination and tube elongation are sensitive physiological processes.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the correlation between ozone sensitivity in pollen and its parent plant.
    • To develop a reliable and cost-effective bioassay for ambient ozone using pollen.
    • To identify suitable plant cultivars for this bioassay.

    Main Methods:

    • In vitro germination and tube elongation of pollen from ozone-sensitive and tolerant cultivars (tobacco, petunia, tomato) were measured under varying ozone concentrations.
    • Pollen populations were used to bioassay ozone in ambient air within a growth chamber.

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  • Pollen storage, preparation, and observation methods (TV scanner, time-lapse photography) were optimized.

    • Main Results:

    • Pollen's in vitro ozone sensitivity closely mirrors that of its parent plant.
    • Ozone exposure reversibly inhibits pollen tube elongation, with inhibition levels correlating to ozone dosage.
    • Specific cultivars of petunia and tobacco demonstrated reliable responses and suitability for storage and transport.

    Conclusions:

    • Pollen bioassays using selected cultivars provide a sensitive, reliable, and inexpensive method for monitoring ambient ozone levels.
    • This method offers a practical approach to air quality assessment, utilizing readily available plant materials.
    • The correlation between parent plant and pollen ozone sensitivity validates this bioassay approach.