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Defining and counting the chronically mentally ill

H H Goldman, A A Gattozzi, C A Taube

    Hospital & Community Psychiatry
    |January 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary

    Deinstitutionalization created gaps in understanding chronic mental illness. A national study defined this population, estimating 1.7-2.4 million individuals, including 900,000 in institutions.

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    Area of Science:

    • Psychiatry and Mental Health Services Research
    • Public Health Policy
    • Epidemiology of Mental Illness

    Background:

    • Deinstitutionalization has altered mental healthcare delivery, creating data gaps on chronic mental illness prevalence.
    • Lack of a clear definition for the chronically mentally ill population hinders accurate needs assessment and policy development.
    • Previous research has not established consistent criteria for identifying individuals with chronic mental illness.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop a comprehensive definition of the chronically mentally ill population.
    • To estimate the national prevalence of chronic mental illness.
    • To inform national policy-making regarding mental health resource allocation.

    Main Methods:

    • Conducted a national study to define the chronically mentally ill population.
    • Established criteria based on diagnosis, disability, duration of illness, and care setting.
    • Utilized existing prevalence data from multiple sources for national estimation.

    Main Results:

    • A detailed definition of the chronically mentally ill population was developed.
    • The estimated national prevalence ranges from 1.7 to 2.4 million individuals.
    • Approximately 900,000 individuals within this population reside in institutions.

    Conclusions:

    • A scientifically-based definition is crucial for understanding and addressing chronic mental illness.
    • The study provides a national estimate to guide policy and resource allocation.
    • Findings highlight the significant number of chronically mentally ill individuals requiring ongoing care and support.

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