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Peripheral nerve abnormalities in aging rats

N Grover-Johnson, P S Spencer

    Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology
    |March 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Aging rats show significant nerve damage in their sciatic, tibial, and plantar nerves, particularly in the distal regions. These changes are linked to chronic pressure and reduced blood flow, impacting nerve fiber structure.

    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Gerontology
    • Pathology

    Background:

    • Aging is associated with progressive changes in the nervous system.
    • Peripheral nerve health can be affected by environmental factors and mechanical stress.
    • Understanding age-related nerve degeneration is crucial for identifying potential interventions.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the morphological changes in the sciatic/tibial/plantar nerve complex of aged rats.
    • To identify specific nerve fiber abnormalities and their distribution.
    • To explore the relationship between housing conditions, age, and nerve pathology.

    Main Methods:

    • Histological examination of sciatic, tibial, and plantar nerves from aged rats.
    • Microscopic analysis to identify and quantify axonal and Schwann cell abnormalities.

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  • Comparison of nerve morphology across different age groups and housing conditions.

    • Main Results:

    • Significant distal morphological changes were observed in aged rat nerves.
    • Abnormalities included axonal inclusions (glycogenosomes, mitochondria), adaxonal Schwann cell processes, demyelinated/remyelinated axons, and collagen pockets.
    • The frequency of these changes increased with age and was more pronounced in the plantar nerves, correlating with enlarged endoneurial spaces.
    • Incidence of changes was higher in rats housed on smooth or wire-mesh floors.

    Conclusions:

    • Aging induces substantial morphological alterations in the peripheral nerves of rats.
    • Chronic pressure and ischemia from housing conditions likely contribute to nerve damage.
    • These findings highlight the impact of environmental factors on age-related peripheral neuropathy.