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Hypertension treated by salt restriction

T Morgan, W Adam, A Gillies

    Lancet (London, England)
    |February 4, 1978
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Dietary salt restriction effectively lowers diastolic blood pressure in hypertensive patients. This approach is comparable to medication and should be considered before drug therapy for hypertension management.

    Area of Science:

    • Cardiology
    • Nutrition Science
    • Public Health

    Background:

    • Hypertension is a widespread health issue, particularly in developed nations.
    • Excessive dietary salt intake is a significant contributing factor to hypertension.
    • Current treatments include antihypertensive drugs and lifestyle modifications.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the efficacy of moderate dietary salt restriction in lowering diastolic blood pressure.
    • To compare the effects of salt restriction with antihypertensive drugs and no treatment.
    • To assess the potential of salt reduction as a primary intervention for hypertension.

    Main Methods:

    • A two-year study involving 31 patients with diastolic blood pressure between 95-109 mm Hg.
    • Treatment group: moderate salt restriction.

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  • Comparison groups: untreated control and drug-treated patients.

    • Main Results:

    • Salt restriction reduced diastolic blood pressure by 7.3+/-1.6 mm Hg.
    • This reduction was comparable to that achieved with antihypertensive drugs.
    • The untreated group experienced a rise in diastolic blood pressure by 1.8+/-1.1 mm Hg.
    • Many patients struggled with strict adherence to salt restriction.

    Conclusions:

    • Dietary salt restriction is an effective method for reducing diastolic blood pressure.
    • Salt restriction offers a viable alternative to drug therapy, especially for individuals with diastolic blood pressure between 90-105 mm Hg.
    • Reducing population-wide salt intake could help manage the hypertension epidemic.