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Aqueous extraction of N-nitrosamines from elastomers
American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal
|December 1, 1980
Summary
N-nitrosamines, harmful compounds found in rubber products, can be extracted using water, not just from heat. This study quantifies their presence in various elastomers, highlighting potential health risks associated with rubber materials.
Area of Science:
- Polymer Chemistry
- Environmental Health
- Analytical Chemistry
Background:
- Elastomers containing dialkylamine-derived additives can form N-nitrosodialkylamines.
- Previous research indicated N-nitrosamines are released from heated elastomers.
- The extractability of N-nitrosamines in water from elastomers was not previously established.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the water extractability of N-nitrosamines from various elastomers.
- To quantify N-nitrosamine levels in different rubber materials.
- To assess the potential health risks associated with N-nitrosamine contamination in elastomers.
Main Methods:
- Extraction of N-nitrosamines from elastomers using water at room temperature and 100°C.
- Quantification of N-nitrosamines using gas chromatography with thermal energy analyzer detection.
- Analysis of various compounded and cured elastomers, including polychloroprene, ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer, chlorosulfonated polyethylene, and natural rubber.
Main Results:
- N-nitrosodialkylamines were found to be extractable in water from elastomers.
- Generally, less than 250 parts per billion of N-nitrosamine were detected after extraction.
- The presence of N-nitrosodialkylamines was dependent on the absence of dialkylamino compounds in the elastomer.
Conclusions:
- Water extraction is a viable method for detecting N-nitrosamines in elastomers.
- The study quantifies N-nitrosamine levels in common rubber materials, providing data for risk assessment.
- Findings highlight the importance of controlling dialkylamine precursors in elastomer formulations to minimize N-nitrosamine formation.