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[Comparative study of total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL + VLDL cholesterol. Two methods: precipitation by
Insights
Researchers compared lipid levels in controls, asymptomatic hyperlipemia, and arterial hyperlipemia patients. While hyperlipemia significantly altered lipid profiles, no single measure distinguished between asymptomatic and arterial disease, though a new assay showed strong correlation with ultracentrifugation.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Clinical Chemistry
- Cardiovascular Disease Research
Background:
- Hyperlipidemia is a significant risk factor for arterial disease.
- Accurate measurement of lipid parameters is crucial for diagnosis and management.
- Comparing established and novel lipid analysis methods is essential for clinical application.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare lipid profiles (total cholesterol, HDL, LDL+VLDL) across control, asymptomatic hyperlipemia, and arterial hyperlipemia populations.
- To evaluate the discriminant power of lipid parameters in differentiating these groups.
- To assess the correlation between lipid measurements obtained via concanavalin A precipitation and ultracentrifugation.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and LDL+VLDL cholesterol in three distinct populations.
- Utilized two measurement techniques: concanavalin A precipitation and ultracentrifugation (AirFuge).
- Statistical comparison of lipid parameters between groups and correlation analysis between the two methods.
Main Results:
- LDL+VLDL cholesterol was significantly higher in hyperlipemia and arterial disease groups compared to controls.
- The HDL/LDL+VLDL ratio was significantly lower in hyperlipemia and arterial disease groups.
- HDL cholesterol was significantly lower in the arterial disease group compared to controls.
- No single lipid parameter could differentiate between asymptomatic hyperlipemia and arterial hyperlipemia.
- A very strong correlation (linear regression coefficient near +1) was observed between concanavalin A precipitation and ultracentrifugation results.
Conclusions:
- Lipid profiles are significantly altered in hyperlipemia and arterial disease, but differentiation between asymptomatic and symptomatic hyperlipemia is not achieved by these standard parameters.
- Concanavalin A precipitation is a simple, rapid, and highly reliable method for lipid analysis, showing strong agreement with ultracentrifugation.
- This validated precipitation method offers a promising alternative for clinical lipid assessment.
Abstract:
The authors determined in 3 populations (37 controls, 59 asymptomatic hyperlipemias, and 20 cases of arterial hyperlipemia) the total cholesterol, the HDL cholesterol and the LDL + VLDL cholesterol and their ratio by two methods : precipitation by concanavalin A and ultracentrifugation (AirFuge). These various lipid parameters were compared between 3 populations in order to determine their more or less discriminant character; furthermore, was established the degree of correlation between the results obtained by precipitation with concanavalin A and by ultracentrifugation. The results show : firstly, that the LDL + VLDL was significantly higher and the ratio HDL/LDL + VLDL significantly lower in hyperlipemia and in arterial disease compared with controls ; the HDL was significantly lower in arterial disease than in controls. No lipid parameter permitted one to differentiate between asymptomatic hyperlipemia and arterial disease. Furthermore, the correlation determined by the chi square method was very strong between the results obtained by precipitation with concanavalin A and ultracentrifugation as the coefficient of simple linear regression is very little different from the value + 1. They emphasize the interest of the method of precipitation by concanavalin A which is simple, rapid and very reliable.