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Pneumococcal otitis media following middle ear deflation

W L Meyerhoff, G S Giebink, D Shea

    The Annals of Otology, Rhinology, and Laryngology
    |January 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary

    Chinchilla middle ear deflation with Streptococcus pneumoniae colonization led to acute otitis media. Histology showed middle ear inflammation and, less often, inner ear changes in colonized animals.

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    Area of Science:

    • Otolaryngology
    • Microbiology
    • Histopathology

    Background:

    • Middle ear infections (otitis media) are common, particularly in children.
    • Streptococcus pneumoniae is a leading cause of bacterial infections, including otitis media.
    • Understanding the pathogenesis of otitis media is crucial for developing effective treatments.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the temporal bone histology in chinchillas following middle ear deflation.
    • To determine the role of nasopharyngeal colonization with Streptococcus pneumoniae in the development of otitis media.
    • To characterize the histopathological changes associated with acute otitis media.

    Main Methods:

    • Chinchillas underwent middle ear deflation (-30 mm Hg).
    • Animals were nasopharyngeally colonized with Streptococcus pneumoniae or not.
    • Temporal bone histology was examined at various time points post-deflation.

    Main Results:

    • Animals sacrificed within one hour showed similar middle ear histology, regardless of colonization.
    • In animals colonized with S. pneumoniae, 60% developed acute otitis media with positive middle ear cultures.
    • Histologic changes included effusion, leukocytes, granulation tissue, osteogenesis, mucosal metaplasia, and hemorrhage; inner ear changes were infrequent.

    Conclusions:

    • Nasopharyngeal colonization with S. pneumoniae significantly increases the risk of developing acute otitis media following middle ear pressure changes.
    • Histopathological examination reveals significant middle ear inflammation and tissue remodeling in acute otitis media.
    • Inner ear involvement is less common but can occur in severe cases.

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