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Bizarre complications of peritoneovenous shunts
Annals of Surgery
|February 1, 1981
Summary
Implantable peritoneovenous shunts manage intractable ascites but have rare, serious complications. This study details two unusual issues: pulmonary embolization and shunt malfunction due to fibrous encapsulation.
Area of Science:
- Medical Devices
- Gastroenterology
- Surgical Complications
Background:
- Implantable peritoneovenous shunts are used for medically intractable ascites.
- Common complications occur in 20-50% of patients.
- Rare complications are increasing in frequency.
Observation:
- Two unusual complications are presented.
- 1) Pulmonary embolization of ascites fluid with cholesterol crystals causing respiratory failure and death.
- 2) Shunt malfunction from a fibrous capsule forming around the venous catheter.
Findings:
- The study discusses the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and therapy for these rare complications.
- Cholesterol crystal emboli can lead to fatal pulmonary complications.
- Fibrous encapsulation is a significant cause of shunt malfunction.
Implications:
- Highlights the need for awareness and prompt diagnosis of rare shunt complications.
- Informs clinical management strategies for patients with peritoneovenous shunts.
- Contributes to understanding the long-term risks associated with ascites shunts.