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Related Experiment Videos

Metal ion release after total hip replacement

H S Dobbs, M J Minski

    Biomaterials
    |October 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Metal-on-metal hip implants released high levels of cobalt and chromium into organs, urine, and hair. Metal wear debris accumulated near the implant, raising health concerns.

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    Area of Science:

    • Biomaterials science
    • Toxicology
    • Medical device analysis

    Background:

    • Investigating metal ion release from total hip replacements (THRs).
    • Assessing systemic metal accumulation from long-term implant use.
    • Evaluating the impact of different bearing surfaces (metal-on-metal vs. metal-on-plastic) on metal ion distribution.

    Observation:

    • Tissue samples from an 81-year-old female with bilateral Co-Cr-Mo THRs were analyzed.
    • One metal-on-metal (MoM) implant was in place for 14 years, the other metal-on-plastic (MoP) for 5.5 years.
    • The MoM side was painful, while the patient remained active.

    Findings:

    • Neutron activation analysis revealed significantly elevated cobalt (Co) and chromium (Cr) concentrations in lung, kidney, liver, and spleen (up to 50x 'Standard Man' values).

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  • High metal concentrations were also detected in urine and hair.
  • Tissue adjacent to the MoM joint showed heavy metal wear debris, unlike the MoP joint.
  • Metal concentrations varied with proximity to the implant, with Co predominant in urine and Cr near implants.

    • Implications:

    • High systemic and organ accumulation of Co and Cr from MoM THRs is a significant concern.
    • The findings highlight potential long-term health risks associated with metal-on-metal bearing surfaces.
    • Further research is warranted to understand the clinical significance of these elevated metal levels.