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[Hypernatraemic hyperosmolar syndrome (author's transl)]

P Bratusch-Marrain, G Kleinberger, M Pichler

    Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift (1946)
    |February 13, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

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    Severe hypernatraemia (serum sodium ≥ 160 mmol/l) in ICU patients, particularly those with neuropsychiatric conditions, had a high mortality rate. Treatment involved hypotonic solutions and potassium, but outcomes were dictated by underlying diseases.

    Area of Science:

    • Intensive care medicine
    • Nephrology
    • Neurology

    Context:

    • Severe hypernatraemia (serum sodium ≥ 160 mmol/l) presents a critical challenge in intensive care settings.
    • Neuropsychiatric patients with reduced consciousness are particularly vulnerable to severe hypernatraemia.

    Purpose:

    • To analyze the characteristics, treatment, and outcomes of patients with severe hypernatraemia admitted to the intensive care unit.
    • To investigate the role of underlying conditions in the mortality of severe hypernatraemia.

    Summary:

    • A cohort of 34 patients with severe hypernatraemia (≥ 160 mmol/l) was studied between 1972 and 1979.
    • Maximal serum sodium reached 168 mmol/l and osmolality 391 mosm/kg H2O.
    • Treatment included hypotonic solutions and potassium, with a positive fluid balance until normalization of serum sodium. The high mortality (77%) was attributed to underlying diseases.

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    Impact:

    • Highlights the critical nature of severe hypernatraemia in ICU patients.
    • Emphasizes that successful management of hypernatraemia does not always improve survival if underlying conditions are severe.
    • Informs clinical practice regarding the management of electrolyte imbalances in critically ill patients.