Midwifery in Germany. Its past and present

Area of Science:

• Medical History
• Healthcare Systems
• Professional Development

Background:

• The historical evolution of midwifery in Germany, dating back to the 12th century.
• Influence of clergy, city government, and physicians on historical midwifery regulations.
• Overview of the German healthcare system and the impact of reunification on midwifery.

Observation:

• Midwifery practice in Germany is regulated by federal and state laws.
• Ongoing professional conflicts exist between midwives and obstetricians regarding scope of practice.
• Increasing demand for midwifery services by women in recent years.

Findings:

• In 1992, German midwives attended 811,774 deliveries in 1,176 hospitals.
• Hospitals exhibited diverse labor management styles, from technology-focused to comprehensive midwifery approaches.
• The article contrasts classical midwifery with a comprehensive, integrated delivery model.

Implications:

• Understanding the historical and regulatory landscape of German midwifery.
• Recognizing the professional dynamics and challenges within German maternity care.
• Potential for evolving midwifery practices towards more comprehensive models.