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Consanguinity among the Saudi Arabian population

M A el-Hazmi1, A R al-Swailem, A S Warsy

  • 1Department of Medical Biochemistry, King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Journal of Medical Genetics
|August 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

Consanguineous marriages are highly prevalent in Saudi Arabia, affecting 57.7% of families studied. First cousin unions are the most common type, highlighting a significant trend in the region.

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Area of Science:

  • Population Genetics
  • Human Genetics
  • Medical Genetics

Background:

  • Consanguineous marriages, unions between blood relatives, are culturally significant in many societies.
  • Understanding consanguinity prevalence is crucial for assessing potential genetic risks in populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of consanguineous marriages in Saudi Arabia.
  • To identify the types and patterns of consanguineous unions across different provinces.
  • To calculate the inbreeding coefficient (F) and discuss the implications of high consanguinity rates.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study involving interviews with 3212 Saudi families.
  • Data collection focused on the marital relationship between husband and wife.

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  • Analysis of consanguinity rates and inbreeding coefficients by province and specific geographic areas.

    • Main Results:

    • The overall prevalence of consanguineous marriages in Saudi Arabia was 57.7%.
    • First cousin marriages were the most frequent (28.4%), followed by distant (15.2%) and second cousin (14.6%) marriages.
    • Consanguinity rates varied by province (52.1%–67.7%), with Samtah showing the highest rate (80.6%) and Abha the lowest (34%). The inbreeding coefficient (F) ranged from 0.020 to 0.030.

    Conclusions:

    • Saudi Arabia exhibits a high rate of consanguinity, comparable to countries with elevated levels.
    • Significant regional variations in consanguinity prevalence exist within Saudi Arabia.
    • The study underscores the need to address the potential genetic consequences associated with high rates of consanguineous marriages.